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Principles of Training

Eleventh graders learn the science behind getting fitter — the principles of overload, progression, specificity, recovery, and FITT — so they can build effective, safe workout plans.

Grade 11Fitness55 minutes1 class periodSHAPE / Skills-BasedExplicit teaching4 StandardsSHAPE
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Name training principles.
  • ✓Explain each principle.
  • ✓Match to meanings.
  • ✓Build a smart plan.
Essential Question

Why does one workout plan work and another doesn’t? The principles of training explain it. What are they?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Match It · Interactive

Match the Training Principle

Project this and match each training principle to its meaning — tap a principle, then tap its meaning.

💪 Match each training principle to its meaningTry it
Principle
What It Means
Now tap its meaning!
The Lesson · Health & PE Flow (Warm-Up · Learn · Practice · Apply · Cool-Down)

55 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Warm-Up — Why Plans Work

6 min

Why does one workout plan work and another doesn’t? The principles explain it.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Compare two plans.
  • Ask why one works.
  • Get ready.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Look.
  • Wonder.
  • Get ready.
2

Learn — Training Principles

13 min

Students learn.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Match the Training Principle.
  • Match each one.
  • Discuss examples.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Match.
  • Discuss.
  • Explain.
3

Practice — Practice

15 min

Students practice.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Apply overload to a workout.
  • Add progression.
  • Explain specificity.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Overload.
  • Progress.
  • Explain.
4

Apply — Apply

13 min

Students apply.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Improve a sample plan.
  • Use FITT.
  • Explain the change.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Improve it.
  • FITT it.
  • Explain.
5

Cool-Down — Cool-Down

6 min

Students close.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name a principle.
  • Explain it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name one.
  • Explain it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to SHAPE America National Health Education & Physical Education Standards.

SHAPE
PE.3

Apply training principles.

SHAPE
PE.4

Design safe workouts.

SHAPE
HE.1

Comprehend fitness concepts.

SHAPE
HE.7

Practice effective training.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Principle + meaning cards.
  • Sentence frame: “___ means ___.”
  • Use workout examples.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with overload and recovery.
  • Match one pair at a time.
  • Use examples.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Design a progressive plan.
  • Explain reversibility.
  • Apply all principles.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 💪Sample plans
  • 💻Match the Training Principle
  • 📋A plan template
  • ✏️Pens
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

overloaddoing more than usualprogressionincreasing graduallyspecificitytraining what you want to improverecoveryrest that builds strengthFITTFrequency, Intensity, Time, Typeadaptto get strongerintensityhow hard you workfrequencyhow often you train
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is overload?
Working harder than usual to get fitter.
QUESTION 2
What is progression?
Gradually increasing your workout over time.
QUESTION 3
What does FITT stand for?
Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.

Cool-Down: train smart.

Have students explain how they’d use overload and progression in a workout. A printable training-principles sheet is in the PE & Health library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Principles of TrainingFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Principles of TrainingQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Principles of TrainingPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: adapt, FITT, frequency, intensity, overload, progression, recovery, specificity
  1. to get stronger
  2. Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
  3. how hard you work
  4. training what you want to improve
  5. rest that builds strength
  6. doing more than usual
  7. increasing gradually
  8. how often you train

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is overload?
  2. What is progression?
  3. What does FITT stand for?
Answer key — Part A: 1) adapt · 2) FITT · 3) intensity · 4) specificity · 5) recovery · 6) overload · 7) progression · 8) frequency
Part B: 1) Working harder than usual to get fitter. 2) Gradually increasing your workout over time. 3) Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.