Home›Lesson Plans›English Language Arts›Reading: Comprehension · Grade 3

Cause & Effect: Why Things Happen

Third graders learn to find cause (why something happens) and effect (what happens as a result) in what they read — using signal words like “because” and “so” to connect events and deepen comprehension.

Grade 3Comprehension50 minutes1 class periodReading WorkshopExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Explain cause and effect.
  • ✓Find them in a text.
  • ✓Use signal words.
  • ✓Explain how events connect.
Essential Question

It rained, SO the game was canceled. One thing made another thing happen! How do good readers spot the cause and the effect?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Explore · Interactive Model

Cause or Effect?

Project each item and have students find the cause or the effect. The tool explains how one event leads to another.

⚡ Find the cause and the effectTry it
Find the cause (why) and the effect (what happened).
The Lesson · Reading Workshop (Mini-Lesson · Practice · Share)

50 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Connect — One Thing Leads to Another

5 min

It rained, so the game was canceled — what made what happen?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show a cause-effect sentence.
  • Ask what caused what.
  • Set the goal: cause and effect.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Read the sentence.
  • Find the link.
  • Predict the idea.
2

Teach — Cause & Effect

12 min

Teacher models.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Cause = why it happened.
  • Effect = what happened.
  • Point out signal words.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Learn cause.
  • Learn effect.
  • Spot signals.
3

Active Engagement — Find Together

13 min

Class uses Cause or Effect?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Find the cause and effect.
  • Use signal words.
  • Explain the link.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Find both.
  • Use signals.
  • Explain it.
4

Practice — Practice

13 min

Students find cause and effect.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Read a passage.
  • Match causes to effects.
  • Explain the connection.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Read it.
  • Match them.
  • Explain it.
5

Share — Share

5 min

Students share a pair.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Invite a cause and effect.
  • Explain the connection.
  • Hand out the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Share a pair.
  • Explain it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts.

CCSS
RI.3.8

Describe the logical connection between sentences (cause/effect, sequence).

CCSS
RL.3.3

Describe how characters’ actions cause events.

CCSS
RI.3.1

Ask and answer questions, referring to the text.

CCSS
RI.3.3

Describe the relationship between events, ideas, or steps.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Cause-effect picture pairs.
  • Sentence frame: “___ happened because ___.”
  • Highlight signal words.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Use short, clear sentences.
  • Underline the signal word.
  • Match one pair at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Find cause-effect chains.
  • Write a cause-effect sentence.
  • Spot it in a story.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📚Short passages
  • 💻Cause or Effect?
  • 🖍️Pencils
  • 🗂️Cause-effect cards
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

causewhy something happenseffectwhat happens as a resultbecausea signal word for a causesoa signal word for an effectsignal worda word that shows a connectionresultwhat happens because of a causereasonthe whyconnectionhow events link together
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is a cause?
The reason something happens — the why.
QUESTION 2
In “She studied hard, so she passed the test,” what is the effect?
She passed the test.
QUESTION 3
Name one signal word that shows cause and effect.
Because, so, since, or therefore.

Growing at home? Why did that happen?

As you read together, have families pause and ask “why did that happen?” and “what happened because of it?” A printable cause-and-effect sheet is in the ELA library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Cause & EffectFlip
Card 1
Term
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Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Cause & EffectQuiz
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Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Cause & EffectPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: because, cause, connection, effect, reason, result, signal word, so
  1. a word that shows a connection
  2. what happens because of a cause
  3. the why
  4. why something happens
  5. what happens as a result
  6. a signal word for a cause
  7. how events link together
  8. a signal word for an effect

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is a cause?
  2. In “She studied hard, so she passed the test,” what is the effect?
  3. Name one signal word that shows cause and effect.
Answer key — Part A: 1) signal word · 2) result · 3) reason · 4) cause · 5) effect · 6) because · 7) connection · 8) so
Part B: 1) The reason something happens — the why. 2) She passed the test. 3) Because, so, since, or therefore.