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Food Chains

Third graders follow energy as it moves from the Sun to a plant, to the animals that eat it, and finally to the decomposers that recycle what is left.

Grade 3Food Chains40 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsNGSS
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Define a food chain.
  • ✓Name producers & consumers.
  • ✓Explain the role of decomposers.
  • ✓Order a food chain.
Essential Question

Every meal, from a rabbit's to yours, can be traced back to the same source. How does energy travel from the Sun through the living things in a habitat?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Put in Order · Interactive

Order the Food Chain

Project this and put the links of the food chain in order — tap each one from the Sun's energy to the decomposer.

🔗 Put the food chain in orderTry it
Tap the links in order, starting with the Sun.
The Lesson · 5E Instructional Model (Engage · Explore · Explain · Elaborate · Evaluate)

40 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Hook — Who Eats Whom?

5 min

A rabbit eats grass and a fox eats the rabbit. Where did all that energy start?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show three animals/plants.
  • Ask who eats whom.
  • Set the goal.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Think.
  • Share.
  • Get ready.
2

Use — Build the Chain

12 min

Students put a food chain in order.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Order the Food Chain.
  • Order the links.
  • Name each role.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Order.
  • Say.
  • Note it.
3

Modify — Follow the Energy

13 min

Students trace where the energy goes.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Mark where energy starts.
  • Follow it up the chain.
  • Discuss what is lost.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Mark.
  • Follow.
  • Discuss.
4

Create — Make Your Own

15 min

Students build a food chain from their area.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Pick a local habitat.
  • Choose four living things.
  • Draw the chain with arrows.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Pick.
  • Choose.
  • Draw.
5

Reflect — Energy's Journey

5 min

Students reflect on where energy begins and ends.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Where does the energy start?
  • What do decomposers do?
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Say it.
  • Say it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (Grade 3 / Elementary Science).

NGSS
5-LS2-1

Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment.

NGSS
5-PS3-1

Use models to describe that energy in animals' food was once energy from the sun.

NGSS
3-LS4-3

Construct an argument that in a particular habitat some organisms can survive well, some less well, and some cannot survive at all.

CCSS
RI.3.7

Use information gained from illustrations and the words in a text to demonstrate understanding.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Picture cards for each link.
  • Sentence frame: “The ___ eats the ___.”
  • Order two links at a time.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with producer and consumer.
  • Use arrows that point the way energy flows.
  • Add one link at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Build a food web from several chains.
  • Add a tertiary consumer.
  • Explain what happens if one link disappears.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 🖼️Plant & animal cards
  • 💻Order the Food Chain
  • 🏷️Role labels
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

food chainthe path of energy from one living thing to the nextproducera living thing, like a plant, that makes its own foodconsumera living thing that eats other living things for energyprimary consumeran animal that eats producers; the first consumer in a chainsecondary consumeran animal that eats the primary consumerdecomposera living thing that breaks down dead plants and animalsherbivorean animal that eats only plantscarnivorean animal that eats other animals
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
Where does the energy in a food chain begin?
With the Sun, which gives producers the energy to make their own food.
QUESTION 2
What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?
A producer makes its own food; a consumer gets energy by eating other living things.
QUESTION 3
Why are decomposers important in a food chain?
They break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil.

Create: build your own food chain.

Have students pick a local habitat, choose four living things, and draw a food chain with arrows showing which way the energy flows. A printable food-chain worksheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Food ChainsFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Food ChainsQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Food ChainsPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: carnivore, consumer, decomposer, food chain, herbivore, primary consumer, producer, secondary consumer
  1. an animal that eats producers; the first consumer in a chain
  2. an animal that eats the primary consumer
  3. an animal that eats only plants
  4. an animal that eats other animals
  5. a living thing that eats other living things for energy
  6. a living thing that breaks down dead plants and animals
  7. the path of energy from one living thing to the next
  8. a living thing, like a plant, that makes its own food

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. Where does the energy in a food chain begin?
  2. What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?
  3. Why are decomposers important in a food chain?
Answer key — Part A: 1) primary consumer · 2) secondary consumer · 3) herbivore · 4) carnivore · 5) consumer · 6) decomposer · 7) food chain · 8) producer
Part B: 1) With the Sun, which gives producers the energy to make their own food. 2) A producer makes its own food; a consumer gets energy by eating other living things. 3) They break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil.