Home›Lesson Plans›Science›Physical Science · Grade 3

Friction

Third graders learn why a ball rolls farther on a smooth floor than on a rug, discovering friction, the force that acts whenever two surfaces rub, then check what they know.

Grade 3Friction30 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsNGSS
Start the Lesson
Assign or share this lesson

Copy link works with Canvas, Schoology, Moodle and any other LMS — paste it in as a resource or assignment.

Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Know friction as a force.
  • ✓Link it to rough and smooth.
  • ✓See it help and hinder.
  • ✓Check what you know.
Essential Question

A ball glides far on a smooth floor but stops fast on carpet, from the same push. What force slows it, and why does the surface change the result?

0
Lesson Phases
0
Vocabulary Terms
0
Standards Aligned
0
Interactive Task
Friction Check · Interactive

Friction Check

Project this and answer each question about friction and how it affects motion — read the explanation after each one.

🛼 Check what you know about frictionTry it
Answer each question about friction and how it affects motion.
The Lesson · 5E Instructional Model (Engage · Explore · Explain · Elaborate · Evaluate)

30 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Hook — Why It Slows Down

5 min

Roll a ball across a smooth floor and it glides far; roll it across a carpet and it stops fast. Same push, different result. What force is slowing the ball down?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Roll a ball two ways.
  • Ask what changed.
  • Set the goal.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Watch.
  • Share.
  • Get ready.
2

Use — Friction Check

12 min

Students answer questions about friction.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to the Friction Check.
  • Answer each question.
  • Read the why.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Answer.
  • Check.
  • Read it.
3

Modify — Rough or Smooth

13 min

Students compare surfaces.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name two surfaces.
  • Say which has more friction.
  • Predict which lets things slide.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name.
  • Say.
  • Predict.
4

Create — Friction Hunt

15 min

Students find friction at work.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Find one place friction helps.
  • Find one place it gets in the way.
  • Draw and label both.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Find.
  • Find.
  • Draw.
5

Reflect — The Force That Grips

5 min

Students reflect on friction.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • What is friction?
  • Why does a rough surface make more friction?
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Say it.
  • Say it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (Grade 3 / Elementary Science).

NGSS
3-PS2-1

Provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object.

NGSS
3-PS2-2

Make observations of an object's motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.

NGSS
SEP-3

Planning and carrying out investigations to produce evidence.

CCSS
W.3.7

Conduct short research projects that build knowledge about a topic.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Rough / smooth picture cards.
  • Sentence frame: “___ has more / less friction.”
  • Answer one question at a time.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start by rubbing hands together to feel it.
  • Compare two surfaces together.
  • Review one question at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Test how far a ball rolls on three surfaces.
  • Measure and graph the distances.
  • Explain how oil reduces friction in machines.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • ⚽A ball and different surfaces
  • 💻Friction Check
  • 📏A ramp and measuring tape
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

frictiona force that slows motion when two surfaces rubforcea push or pull that can change how something movessurfacethe outside of an object that touches anotherroughhaving many bumps, which makes more frictionsmootheven and slippery, which makes less frictionmotionthe movement of an object from one place to anothergripthe hold friction gives, like shoes on the groundheatenergy friction can make when surfaces rub
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is friction?
A force that slows or stops motion when two surfaces rub against each other.
QUESTION 2
Why does a rough surface make more friction than a smooth one?
Rough surfaces have more tiny bumps that catch on each other, which pushes back harder on the motion.
QUESTION 3
Give one example of friction being helpful.
For example, your shoes gripping the ground so you do not slip, or brakes stopping a bike.

Create: a friction hunt.

Have students find one place friction helps and one place it gets in the way, then draw and label both, so the force shows up in their real world. A printable friction worksheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 FrictionFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
0

Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 FrictionQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
0%

Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ FrictionPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: force, friction, grip, heat, motion, rough, smooth, surface
  1. having many bumps, which makes more friction
  2. even and slippery, which makes less friction
  3. the hold friction gives, like shoes on the ground
  4. energy friction can make when surfaces rub
  5. the outside of an object that touches another
  6. the movement of an object from one place to another
  7. a force that slows motion when two surfaces rub
  8. a push or pull that can change how something moves

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is friction?
  2. Why does a rough surface make more friction than a smooth one?
  3. Give one example of friction being helpful.
Answer key — Part A: 1) rough · 2) smooth · 3) grip · 4) heat · 5) surface · 6) motion · 7) friction · 8) force
Part B: 1) A force that slows or stops motion when two surfaces rub against each other. 2) Rough surfaces have more tiny bumps that catch on each other, which pushes back harder on the motion. 3) For example, your shoes gripping the ground so you do not slip, or brakes stopping a bike.