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Conductors and Insulators

Fourth graders learn why electricity races through some materials and stops at others, telling conductors from insulators, and sort everyday materials into the two groups.

Grade 4Conductors and Insulators45 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Define a conductor.
  • ✓Define an insulator.
  • ✓Tell the two apart.
  • ✓Sort each material.
Essential Question

Wires are metal inside but wrapped in rubber. What makes one material carry electricity and the other block it?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Explore · Interactive Model

Sort the Materials

Project this and sort each material into conductor or insulator — tap a material, then tap where it belongs.

⚡ Sort each material: conductor or insulator?Try it
⚡ Conductor
🛑 Insulator
Tap a material, then tap whether it lets electricity flow (conductor) or stops it (insulator).
The Lesson · 5E Model

45 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Hook — Why Rubber on Wires?

5 min

Electrical wires are metal inside but wrapped in rubber. Why use two materials? What makes one carry electricity and the other block it?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show a wrapped wire.
  • Ask why the rubber.
  • Set the goal.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Think.
  • Share.
  • Get ready.
2

Use — Sort the Materials

12 min

Students sort conductors and insulators.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to the sort.
  • Drop each material.
  • Explain each choice.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Sort.
  • Say.
  • Explain.
3

Modify — Predict and Check

13 min

Students predict a material's type.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Pick an object.
  • Predict conductor or insulator.
  • Say how you would test it.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Pick.
  • Predict.
  • Say.
4

Create — Safety Poster

15 min

Students connect it to safety.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name where insulators keep us safe.
  • Draw one example.
  • Write a safety tip.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name.
  • Draw.
  • Write.
5

Reflect — Letting Current Flow

5 min

Students reflect on conductors and insulators.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • What does a conductor do?
  • Why are plugs and wires coated in plastic?
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Say it.
  • Say it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to Next Generation Science Standards and Common Core literacy. State-standard crosswalks available on request.

NGSS
4-PS3-2

Make observations to show that energy can be transferred by electric currents.

NGSS
3-5-ETS1-1

Define a simple design problem that can be solved by choosing materials.

NGSS
SEP-3

Planning and carrying out investigations to produce data.

CCSS
RI.4.1

Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining it.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Material picture cards.
  • Sentence frame: “___ is a conductor / insulator.”
  • Sort two at a time.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with copper and rubber.
  • Sort one material together.
  • Sort conductors fully before insulators.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Add water as a tricky case.
  • Design a test with a simple circuit.
  • Explain why metals conduct.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 🔌Sample materials to test
  • 💻Sort the Materials
  • 🔦A battery and bulb (optional)
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

conductora material that lets electricity flow through itinsulatora material that stops electricity from flowingelectricitya flow of electric chargecurrentthe flow of electricity through a materialcircuita path that electricity flows aroundmetala material, like copper, that conducts wellchargethe electrical property that makes current flowsafetystaying protected from harm, such as shocks
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What does a conductor do?
It lets electricity flow through it easily; metals like copper are good conductors.
QUESTION 2
Why are plugs and wires coated in plastic?
Plastic is an insulator, so it stops the electricity and protects people from shocks.
QUESTION 3
Name one conductor and one insulator.
Conductor: copper or aluminum; insulator: rubber or plastic (answers vary).

Create: a safety poster.

Have students name where insulators keep us safe, draw one example, and write a safety tip, so the idea connects to real life. A printable conductors-and-insulators worksheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Conductors and InsulatorsFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Conductors and InsulatorsQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Conductors and InsulatorsPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: charge, circuit, conductor, current, electricity, insulator, metal, safety
  1. the flow of electricity through a material
  2. a path that electricity flows around
  3. the electrical property that makes current flow
  4. staying protected from harm, such as shocks
  5. a flow of electric charge
  6. a material, like copper, that conducts well
  7. a material that lets electricity flow through it
  8. a material that stops electricity from flowing

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What does a conductor do?
  2. Why are plugs and wires coated in plastic?
  3. Name one conductor and one insulator.
Answer key — Part A: 1) current · 2) circuit · 3) charge · 4) safety · 5) electricity · 6) metal · 7) conductor · 8) insulator
Part B: 1) It lets electricity flow through it easily; metals like copper are good conductors. 2) Plastic is an insulator, so it stops the electricity and protects people from shocks. 3) Conductor: copper or aluminum; insulator: rubber or plastic (answers vary).