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How an Election Works

Fifth graders follow an election from start to finish, as candidates campaign, citizens register and vote, ballots are counted, and a winner takes office, and put the steps in order.

Grade 5Civics45 minutes1 class periodC3 InquiryExplicit teaching4 StandardsC3 + CCSS
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Explain an election.
  • ✓Name who can vote.
  • ✓Describe a ballot.
  • ✓Order the steps.
Essential Question

In a democracy the people pick their leaders, but it takes an orderly process. What are the steps of an election, and who acts at each one?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Order the Steps · Interactive

Order the Steps

Project this and put the steps of an election in order — tap each step from the campaign to the winner taking office.

🗳️ Put the steps of an election in orderTry it
Tap the steps in order, starting with the candidates' campaign.
The Lesson · C3 Inquiry Arc (Question · Investigate · Conclude)

45 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Hook — Who Decides?

5 min

In a democracy, the people choose their leaders. But how does a country turn millions of choices into one winner?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Ask how leaders are chosen.
  • Name a recent election.
  • Set the goal.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Think.
  • Share.
  • Get ready.
2

Use — Order the Steps

12 min

Students put the election steps in order.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Order the Steps.
  • Order the steps.
  • Name each one.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Order.
  • Say.
  • Note it.
3

Modify — Who Does What?

13 min

Students match each step to who acts.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name a step.
  • Say who acts: candidate, voter, or official.
  • Say what they do.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name.
  • Say.
  • Say.
4

Create — Class Election

15 min

Students plan a mock election.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Pick something to vote on.
  • List the steps to run it.
  • Hold a quick vote.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Pick.
  • List.
  • Vote.
5

Reflect — Every Vote Counts

5 min

Students reflect on elections.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Who is allowed to vote in the U.S.?
  • Why do we count every ballot?
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Say it.
  • Say it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the C3 Framework for Social Studies and Common Core literacy in social studies.

C3
D2.Civ.2.3-5

Explain how a democracy relies on people's responsible participation.

C3
D2.Civ.3.3-5

Examine the origins and purposes of rules, laws, and key institutions.

C3
D2.Civ.9.3-5

Use deliberative processes when making decisions or reaching judgments as a group.

CCSS
RI.5.3

Explain the relationships between steps in a process using the text.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Step cards with icons.
  • Sentence frame: “First ___ , then ___ .”
  • Order two steps at a time.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with campaign and winner.
  • Walk one election through together.
  • Add one step at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Add what a primary is.
  • Compare voting by mail and in person.
  • Explain the role of the majority.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 🖼️Election step cards
  • 💻Order the Steps
  • 🗳️A sample ballot
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

electiona process where people vote to choose a leadercandidatea person running for officecampaignthe work candidates do to win votesregisterto sign up so you are allowed to voteballotthe form a voter uses to make their choicesvotea formal choice in an electionmajoritymore than half of the votesdemocracya government where the people hold the power
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
Who is allowed to vote in U.S. elections?
Citizens who are at least 18 years old and have registered to vote.
QUESTION 2
Why do we count every ballot?
Because every vote is one person's voice, and the count decides the winner fairly.
QUESTION 3
What does a candidate do before an election?
Campaigns by sharing ideas and trying to earn voters' support.

Create: a class election.

Have students pick something to vote on, list the steps to run it, and hold a quick vote, so the election process becomes something they do. A printable how-an-election-works worksheet is in the Social Studies library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 How an Election WorksFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 How an Election WorksQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ How an Election WorksPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: ballot, campaign, candidate, democracy, election, majority, register, vote
  1. to sign up so you are allowed to vote
  2. the form a voter uses to make their choices
  3. more than half of the votes
  4. a government where the people hold the power
  5. the work candidates do to win votes
  6. a formal choice in an election
  7. a process where people vote to choose a leader
  8. a person running for office

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. Who is allowed to vote in U.S. elections?
  2. Why do we count every ballot?
  3. What does a candidate do before an election?
Answer key — Part A: 1) register · 2) ballot · 3) majority · 4) democracy · 5) campaign · 6) vote · 7) election · 8) candidate
Part B: 1) Citizens who are at least 18 years old and have registered to vote. 2) Because every vote is one person's voice, and the count decides the winner fairly. 3) Campaigns by sharing ideas and trying to earn voters' support.