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Analogies: Relationships Between Words

Seventh graders learn to solve analogies — word puzzles that compare relationships, like “hot is to cold as up is to down” — by identifying how the first pair relates and finding a matching pair.

Grade 7Word Relationships50 minutes1 class periodReading WorkshopExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Explain an analogy.
  • ✓Identify the relationship.
  • ✓Recognize relationship types.
  • ✓Complete an analogy.
Essential Question

“Hot is to cold as up is to ___?” Analogies test whether you can spot the RELATIONSHIP between words. What kinds of relationships show up, and how do you crack the code?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Match It · Interactive

Name the Relationship

Project this and match each word pair to the relationship it shows — tap a pair, then tap the relationship type.

🔗 Match each pair to its relationshipTry it
Word Pair
The Relationship
Tap a word pair, then tap the relationship!
The Lesson · Reading Workshop (Mini-Lesson · Practice · Share)

50 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Connect — Cracking the Code

5 min

“Hot is to cold as up is to ___?” — how do you fill the blank?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show an analogy.
  • Ask about the relationship.
  • Set the goal: analogies.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Read the analogy.
  • Find the relationship.
  • Predict the idea.
2

Teach — Relationship Types

12 min

Teacher models.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Find how the first pair relates.
  • Name the relationship type.
  • Match the second pair.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Find the relationship.
  • Name the type.
  • Match it.
3

Active Engagement — Match Together

13 min

Class uses Name the Relationship.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Match each pair to a type.
  • Explain the relationship.
  • Complete an analogy.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Match them.
  • Explain them.
  • Complete one.
4

Practice — Practice

13 min

Students solve analogies.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Identify the relationship.
  • Complete analogies.
  • Explain the reasoning.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Identify it.
  • Complete them.
  • Explain it.
5

Share — Share

5 min

Students share an analogy.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Invite an analogy.
  • Name the relationship.
  • Hand out the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Share one.
  • Name it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts.

CCSS
L.7.5b

Use the relationship between particular words to better understand each word.

CCSS
L.7.5

Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and nuances.

CCSS
L.7.4

Determine the meaning of unknown words.

CCSS
RL.7.4

Determine the meaning of words and phrases.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Relationship-type cards.
  • Sentence frame: “___ is to ___ as ___ is to ___.”
  • Use picture pairs.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with synonyms/antonyms.
  • Give the relationship type.
  • Match one pair at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Solve harder analogies.
  • Create your own analogy.
  • Identify tricky relationships.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 🗂️Analogy cards
  • 💻Name the Relationship
  • 🖍️Pencils
  • 📖A thesaurus
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

analogya comparison of relationshipsrelationshiphow two words connectsynonymswords with similar meaningsantonymswords with opposite meaningspart to wholea piece and the whole thingcause and effectone thing leads to anothercategorya group words belong tocompareto find how things relate
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is an analogy?
A comparison that shows the relationship between one pair of words matches another pair.
QUESTION 2
In “finger is to hand as toe is to foot,” what is the relationship?
Part to whole.
QUESTION 3
Complete: “Happy is to sad as up is to ___.”
Down (an antonym relationship).

Going deeper? Make your own.

Have students create original analogies for classmates to solve, then explain the relationship type. A printable analogies sheet is in the ELA library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 AnalogiesFlip
Card 1
Term
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Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 AnalogiesQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ AnalogiesPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: analogy, antonyms, category, cause and effect, compare, part to whole, relationship, synonyms
  1. a comparison of relationships
  2. to find how things relate
  3. a group words belong to
  4. words with opposite meanings
  5. how two words connect
  6. a piece and the whole thing
  7. one thing leads to another
  8. words with similar meanings

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is an analogy?
  2. In “finger is to hand as toe is to foot,” what is the relationship?
  3. Complete: “Happy is to sad as up is to ___.”
Answer key — Part A: 1) analogy · 2) compare · 3) category · 4) antonyms · 5) relationship · 6) part to whole · 7) cause and effect · 8) synonyms
Part B: 1) A comparison that shows the relationship between one pair of words matches another pair. 2) Part to whole. 3) Down (an antonym relationship).