Home›Lesson Plans›Science›Physics · Grade 11

Momentum: Mass in Motion

Students explore momentum — mass in motion — and the law of its conservation, which explains everything from billiard-ball collisions to rocket launches, and why a slow truck can hit harder than a fast bicycle.

Grade 11Mechanics55 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
Start the Lesson
Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Define momentum (p = mv).
  • ✓Explain conservation of momentum.
  • ✓Apply it to collisions.
  • ✓Explain impulse.
Essential Question

A bullet is tiny but dangerous; a truck is slow but unstoppable. What quantity captures the “oomph” of a moving object — and why is it always conserved in a collision?

0
Lesson Phases
0
Vocabulary Terms
0
Standards Aligned
0
Interactive Task
Analyze It · Interactive

Analyze Momentum

Project each item and have students analyze momentum and its conservation. The tool explains how mass and velocity combine.

🎱 Analyze momentum & collisionsTry it
Analyze momentum and the law of its conservation.
The Lesson · 5E Model

55 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Engage — Tiny but Mighty

5 min

A bullet vs. a slow truck — which packs more “oomph”?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Compare a bullet and a truck.
  • Ask what captures “oomph.”
  • Set the goal: momentum.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Compare them.
  • Wonder what matters.
  • Predict the idea.
2

Explore — Analyze Momentum

12 min

Students investigate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Analyze Momentum.
  • Study p = mv.
  • Study conservation.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Study p = mv.
  • Study conservation.
  • Explain it.
3

Explain — Mass × Velocity

13 min

Teacher explains.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Define momentum (p = mv).
  • State conservation of momentum.
  • Explain collisions.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Explain momentum.
  • Explain conservation.
  • Explain collisions.
4

Elaborate — Collisions

12 min

Apply.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Solve a collision problem.
  • Explain impulse (F×t).
  • Connect to seatbelts/airbags.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Solve a collision.
  • Explain impulse.
  • Connect to safety.
5

Evaluate — Exit Ticket

5 min

Three quick checks.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Hand out the exit ticket.
  • Look for conservation ideas.
  • Collect as formative data.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Define momentum.
  • Explain conservation.
  • Give an example.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (High School Physics) and Common Core literacy in science.

NGSS
HS-PS2-2

Use mathematics to support the claim that momentum is conserved in a system.

NGSS
HS-PS2-3

Apply scientific ideas to design a device that minimizes force in a collision.

NGSS
HS-PS2-1

Analyze data supporting Newton’s second law.

CCSS
RST.11-12.3

Follow a complex multistep procedure.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Momentum picture cards.
  • Sentence frame: “Momentum = mass × ___.”
  • Demo with carts.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Focus on p = mv.
  • Use clear examples.
  • Provide the formula.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Solve elastic vs. inelastic collisions.
  • Calculate impulse.
  • Explain rocket propulsion.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📓Science notebooks
  • 💻Analyze Momentum
  • 🎱Colliding carts/balls
  • 🧮Calculators
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

momentummass in motion (p = mv)conservation of momentumtotal momentum stays constantcollisionwhen objects strike each otherimpulseforce applied over time (F×t)elastic collisionobjects bounce apartinelastic collisionobjects stick togethervelocityspeed with directionisolated systemone with no outside forces
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
How is momentum calculated?
Momentum = mass × velocity (p = mv).
QUESTION 2
What happens to total momentum in a collision with no outside forces?
It is conserved — the total is the same before and after.
QUESTION 3
Why can a slow-moving truck have more momentum than a fast bicycle?
Because momentum depends on mass as well as velocity, and the truck’s much greater mass wins out.

Going deeper? Impulse and safety.

Have students explain how airbags and seatbelts use impulse (extending the time of a force) to reduce injury in a crash. A printable momentum sheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 MomentumFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
0

Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 MomentumQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
0%

Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ MomentumPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: collision, conservation of momentum, elastic collision, impulse, inelastic collision, isolated system, momentum, velocity
  1. objects stick together
  2. when objects strike each other
  3. total momentum stays constant
  4. one with no outside forces
  5. speed with direction
  6. mass in motion (p = mv)
  7. force applied over time (F×t)
  8. objects bounce apart

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. How is momentum calculated?
  2. What happens to total momentum in a collision with no outside forces?
  3. Why can a slow-moving truck have more momentum than a fast bicycle?
Answer key — Part A: 1) inelastic collision · 2) collision · 3) conservation of momentum · 4) isolated system · 5) velocity · 6) momentum · 7) impulse · 8) elastic collision
Part B: 1) Momentum = mass × velocity (p = mv). 2) It is conserved — the total is the same before and after. 3) Because momentum depends on mass as well as velocity, and the truck’s much greater mass wins out.