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Parallel Structure: Keeping Your Sentences Balanced

Students learn parallel structure — using the same grammatical form for items in a series — the polish that makes writing clear, rhythmic, and professional, and learn to spot and fix faulty parallelism.

Grade 10Grammar50 minutes1 class periodReading WorkshopExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
Start the Lesson
Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Define parallel structure.
  • ✓Spot faulty parallelism.
  • ✓Fix unbalanced sentences.
  • ✓Use parallelism for effect.
Essential Question

“She likes reading, writing, and to paint” sounds slightly off — but why? The answer is one of the most powerful tools in polished writing.

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Parallel or Faulty? · Interactive

Parallel or Faulty?

Project this and sort each sentence by whether its items are parallel (same form) or faulty (mismatched). Listen for the one that sounds “off.”

⚖️ Sort each sentence — parallel or faulty?Try it
✅ Parallel
⚠️ Faulty
Tap a sentence, then tap a bucket.
The Lesson · Workshop (Mini-Lesson · Practice · Share)

50 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Connect — Something Sounds Off

5 min

“Reading, writing, and to paint” — why does it clunk?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Read a faulty-parallel sentence.
  • Ask what’s wrong.
  • Set the goal: parallel structure.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Hear the clunk.
  • Find the mismatch.
  • Predict the rule.
2

Teach — Same Form

12 min

Teacher models.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Define parallel structure.
  • Show matching forms in a series.
  • Fix a faulty sentence.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Learn the rule.
  • See matching forms.
  • Fix one.
3

Active Engagement — Sort Together

13 min

Class uses Parallel or Faulty?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Sort each sentence.
  • Identify the mismatched item.
  • Fix the faulty ones.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Sort them.
  • Find the mismatch.
  • Fix them.
4

Independent Practice — Independent Practice

15 min

Students fix parallelism.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Give sentences to check.
  • Fix faulty parallelism.
  • Write a parallel sentence.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Check sentences.
  • Fix them.
  • Write one.
5

Share — Share

5 min

Students share a fix.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Invite a corrected sentence.
  • Explain the fix.
  • Hand out the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Share the fix.
  • Explain it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts (Grades 9–10).

CCSS
L.9-10.1

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage.

CCSS
L.9-10.1a

Use parallel structure.

CCSS
L.9-10.3

Apply knowledge of language to make effective choices.

CCSS
W.9-10.4

Produce clear and coherent writing.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Highlight the series items.
  • Sentence frame: “All items should be ___ form.”
  • Match forms in a list.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Use short three-item lists.
  • Circle the odd item.
  • Fix one series at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Fix parallelism in longer sentences.
  • Use parallelism in a speech.
  • Analyze parallelism in famous quotes.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📓Writing notebooks
  • 💻Parallel or Faulty?
  • 📄Sentence strips
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

parallel structureusing the same grammatical form in a seriesfaulty parallelisma mismatched item in a seriesseriesa list of items in a sentencegerundan -ing verb form used as a nouninfinitivethe “to + verb” formgrammatical formthe type of word or phrasebalancedmatched and evencoordinateof equal grammatical rank
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is parallel structure?
Using the same grammatical form for items in a series or list.
QUESTION 2
Fix this sentence: “She likes to run, to swim, and biking.”
“She likes to run, to swim, and to bike” (or “running, swimming, and biking”) — make all items match.
QUESTION 3
Why does parallel structure matter?
It makes writing clearer, smoother, and more professional — mismatched forms sound awkward.

Going deeper? Parallelism for power.

Have students analyze parallel structure in famous speeches (like “of the people, by the people, for the people”) and use it in their own writing. A printable parallelism sheet is in the ELA library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Parallel StructureFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Parallel StructureQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Parallel StructurePrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: balanced, coordinate, faulty parallelism, gerund, grammatical form, infinitive, parallel structure, series
  1. of equal grammatical rank
  2. the “to + verb” form
  3. the type of word or phrase
  4. matched and even
  5. a mismatched item in a series
  6. using the same grammatical form in a series
  7. a list of items in a sentence
  8. an -ing verb form used as a noun

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is parallel structure?
  2. Fix this sentence: “She likes to run, to swim, and biking.”
  3. Why does parallel structure matter?
Answer key — Part A: 1) coordinate · 2) infinitive · 3) grammatical form · 4) balanced · 5) faulty parallelism · 6) parallel structure · 7) series · 8) gerund
Part B: 1) Using the same grammatical form for items in a series or list. 2) “She likes to run, to swim, and to bike” (or “running, swimming, and biking”) — make all items match. 3) It makes writing clearer, smoother, and more professional — mismatched forms sound awkward.