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Properties of Matter: Identifying Materials by Their Traits

Students test and compare materials by their properties — hardness, magnetism, whether they conduct or float — and learn that every material can be identified by its own set of measurable traits.

Grade 5Matter45 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Name properties used to describe matter.
  • ✓Test materials for their properties.
  • ✓Identify a material by its properties.
  • ✓Explain that matter is made of tiny particles.
Essential Question

A detective identifies a suspect by their traits. How can you identify a material — metal, plastic, glass — by testing what it does?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Explore · Interactive Model

The Material Tester

Project this and tap each material. Have students record its properties — hard or soft, magnetic, conductor, float or sink — as a way to identify it.

🔍 Test each material — tap to see its propertiesTry it

The Lesson · 5E Model

45 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Engage — Mystery Materials

5 min

Could you identify a material blindfolded, by testing it?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show mystery objects.
  • Ask how to tell what they’re made of.
  • Set the goal: properties of matter.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Examine the objects.
  • Guess the materials.
  • Predict how to test them.
2

Explore — Test the Materials

12 min

Students investigate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to the Material Tester.
  • Have them record each property.
  • Compare two materials.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Tap each material.
  • Record its properties.
  • Compare materials.
3

Explain — Identify by Properties

12 min

Teacher explains.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name properties: hardness, magnetism, etc.
  • Show how properties identify a material.
  • Explain matter is made of tiny particles.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name the properties.
  • Match properties to a material.
  • Explain particles.
4

Elaborate — Which Material?

11 min

Apply to design.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Give a job (a raincoat, a wire).
  • Ask which properties are needed.
  • Choose the best material.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Match a job to properties.
  • Pick the best material.
  • Justify the choice.
5

Evaluate — Exit Ticket

5 min

Three quick checks.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Hand out the exit ticket.
  • Look for property-based ID.
  • Collect as formative data.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name properties.
  • Identify a material.
  • Explain a choice.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to Next Generation Science Standards and Common Core literacy. State-standard crosswalks available on request.

NGSS
5-PS1-3

Make observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties.

NGSS
5-PS1-1

Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.

NGSS
5-PS1-2

Measure and graph quantities to provide evidence that mass is conserved.

CCSS
RI.5.7

Draw on information from multiple sources to answer a question or solve a problem.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Property picture cards (magnet, water, wire).
  • Sentence frame: “___ is ___, so it is probably ___.”
  • Do hands-on material tests.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Focus on hard/soft and float/sink first.
  • Provide a properties checklist.
  • Test real materials by hand.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Design a fair test for one property.
  • Explain why wires use metal AND plastic.
  • Explain matter with a particle model.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📓Science notebooks
  • 💻The Material Tester
  • 🧲A magnet + water tub
  • 🔩Sample materials
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

matteranything that has mass and takes up spacepropertya trait used to describe matterparticlea tiny piece matter is made ofconductorlets electricity or heat pass throughmagneticattracted to a magnethardnesshow firm or soft a material istransparentable to be seen throughmassthe amount of matter in something
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
Name two properties you could use to identify a material.
Any two of: hardness, magnetism, whether it conducts electricity, whether it floats or sinks, transparency, flexibility.
QUESTION 2
A material is shiny, sinks, and is attracted to a magnet. What is it likely made of?
A metal (such as iron).
QUESTION 3
What is all matter made of?
Tiny particles that are too small to see.

Going deeper? Run a property lab.

Have students test several materials for magnetism, conductivity, and floating, record the results in a table, then use the table to identify a mystery material. A printable property-lab sheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Properties of MatterFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Properties of MatterQuiz
Score: 0
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Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Properties of MatterPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: conductor, hardness, magnetic, mass, matter, particle, property, transparent
  1. the amount of matter in something
  2. how firm or soft a material is
  3. attracted to a magnet
  4. anything that has mass and takes up space
  5. able to be seen through
  6. a trait used to describe matter
  7. lets electricity or heat pass through
  8. a tiny piece matter is made of

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. Name two properties you could use to identify a material.
  2. A material is shiny, sinks, and is attracted to a magnet. What is it likely made of?
  3. What is all matter made of?
Answer key — Part A: 1) mass · 2) hardness · 3) magnetic · 4) matter · 5) transparent · 6) property · 7) conductor · 8) particle
Part B: 1) Any two of: hardness, magnetism, whether it conducts electricity, whether it floats or sinks, transparency, flexibility. 2) A metal (such as iron). 3) Tiny particles that are too small to see.