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Energy Resources: Renewable vs. Nonrenewable

Students compare the energy sources that power modern life — renewable sources that naturally replenish, and nonrenewable ones that will eventually run out — and weigh their costs, benefits, and role in a sustainable future.

Grade 12Resources55 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Define renewable and nonrenewable.
  • ✓Classify energy sources.
  • ✓Weigh costs and benefits.
  • ✓Explain the shift toward clean energy.
Essential Question

Nearly everything we do runs on energy — but some sources will run out and others never will. How do we power civilization without exhausting the planet?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Sort It · Interactive

Renewable or Nonrenewable?

Project this and sort each energy source by whether it naturally replenishes (renewable) or will eventually run out (nonrenewable).

⚡ Sort each energy source — renewable or not?Try it
♻️ Renewable
⛽ Nonrenewable
Tap a source, then tap a bucket.
The Lesson · 5E Model

55 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Engage — Will It Run Out?

5 min

Some energy sources are endless; others will run dry. Which is which?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • List energy sources.
  • Ask which will run out.
  • Set the goal: energy resources.

🎒 Student Actions

  • List sources.
  • Predict which run out.
  • Guess the split.
2

Explore — Sort the Sources

12 min

Students investigate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Renewable or Nonrenewable?
  • Sort each source.
  • Note the difference.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Sort each source.
  • Note the difference.
  • Explain it.
3

Explain — Costs & Benefits

13 min

Teacher explains.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Define renewable vs. nonrenewable.
  • Weigh fossil fuels’ pros and cons.
  • Weigh clean energy’s pros and cons.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Learn the terms.
  • Weigh fossil fuels.
  • Weigh clean energy.
4

Elaborate — Elaborate — Energy Choices

12 min

Apply.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Compare two energy sources.
  • Consider cost, emissions, reliability.
  • Propose an energy mix.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Compare sources.
  • Weigh factors.
  • Propose a mix.
5

Evaluate — Evaluate — Exit Ticket

5 min

Three quick checks.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Hand out the exit ticket.
  • Look for classification and trade-offs.
  • Collect as formative data.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Classify a source.
  • Explain a trade-off.
  • Give an example.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (High School Earth & Environmental Science) and Common Core literacy in science.

NGSS
HS-ESS3-2

Evaluate competing design solutions for developing and managing energy resources.

NGSS
HS-ESS3-1

Explain how availability of natural resources affects human activity.

NGSS
HS-PS3-3

Design a device that converts one form of energy into another.

CCSS
RST.11-12.8

Evaluate the reasoning and evidence in a scientific text.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Energy-source picture cards.
  • Sentence frame: “___ is renewable because ___.”
  • Sort source cards.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Use clear examples (sun vs. coal).
  • Focus on “runs out or not.”
  • Sort a few at a time.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Analyze the trade-offs of nuclear.
  • Research a local energy source.
  • Debate an energy policy.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📓Science notebooks
  • 💻Renewable or Nonrenewable?
  • 📊Energy data
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

renewable resourcea source that naturally replenishesnonrenewable resourcea source that will eventually run outfossil fuelcoal, oil, or natural gassolar energyenergy from sunlightgeothermalenergy from Earth’s internal heatsustainableable to continue without depletionemissionsgases released into the airenergy efficiencyusing less energy for the same task
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable energy source?
A renewable source naturally replenishes (like solar or wind); a nonrenewable source will eventually run out (like oil or coal).
QUESTION 2
Is nuclear energy renewable or nonrenewable, and why?
Nonrenewable — it relies on uranium, a finite resource (though it produces very low carbon emissions).
QUESTION 3
Name one benefit and one drawback of fossil fuels.
Benefit: reliable and energy-dense. Drawback: they run out and release greenhouse gases when burned.

Going deeper? Design an energy mix.

Have students design an energy mix for a community, balancing cost, reliability, and emissions, and justify their choices with evidence. A printable energy sheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Renewable & Nonrenewable EnergyFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Renewable & Nonrenewable EnergyQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Renewable & Nonrenewable EnergyPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: emissions, energy efficiency, fossil fuel, geothermal, nonrenewable resource, renewable resource, solar energy, sustainable
  1. coal, oil, or natural gas
  2. gases released into the air
  3. able to continue without depletion
  4. energy from Earth’s internal heat
  5. energy from sunlight
  6. a source that will eventually run out
  7. using less energy for the same task
  8. a source that naturally replenishes

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable energy source?
  2. Is nuclear energy renewable or nonrenewable, and why?
  3. Name one benefit and one drawback of fossil fuels.
Answer key — Part A: 1) fossil fuel · 2) emissions · 3) sustainable · 4) geothermal · 5) solar energy · 6) nonrenewable resource · 7) energy efficiency · 8) renewable resource
Part B: 1) A renewable source naturally replenishes (like solar or wind); a nonrenewable source will eventually run out (like oil or coal). 2) Nonrenewable — it relies on uranium, a finite resource (though it produces very low carbon emissions). 3) Benefit: reliable and energy-dense. Drawback: they run out and release greenhouse gases when burned.